Amazon income taxes addenda

I did a Google search for these terms: Amazon income tax paid 2018. The Snopes article I commented on Nov. 21 was only one of the many results. Some of the more well-known names with stories about Amazon’s 2018 income tax were: USA Today, Yahoo Finance, CNBC, CNN, Business Insider, New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, Forbes, Fortune, The Guardian, HuffPost, National Review, Fox Business.

The ITEP blog, which I referred to on Nov. 21, seems to have prompted this slew of stories. Most of them refer to ITEP. Like I said then, ITEP cited GAAP accounting numbers from Amazon’s 10-K. It missed or ignored the nearby taxes paid numbers, despite the article being allegedly about taxes paid.

I didn’t take the time to completely read all of the stories, but most didn’t say much more than echo ITEP – Amazon had a $11.2 billion profit but paid no income taxes in 2018. The Wall Street Journal (paywalled), National Review, and Forbes were exceptions. Forbes was an exception as follows:

1. Despite the title “Why Amazon Pays No Taxes,” the story says Amazon paid income taxes for 2017 and 2018. “In 2017, Amazon paid close to $1 billion in income tax. In 2018, the amount jumped to $1.18 billion, accounting for local, state, and international taxes.” Nevertheless, a bit later it says, “It is true that in the last two years, Amazon did not pay federal taxes.” Was all of the $1.18 billion local, state or international taxes and none U.S. federal income taxes? (The expression "accounting for" is ambiguous.) I much doubt it. To know one would need to see Amazon’s IRS Form 1120, which is a private matter between Amazon and the IRS.

2. It explained why Amazon pays little or no taxes. The big reason is that Amazon uses what could be profits to reinvest in its business and hire more employees. Either creates an expense which reduces profit and taxable income.

3. Amazon’s employees pay income taxes.

The Forbes story gave no indication how much Amazon employees pay in federal income taxes. Payscale.com says the average salary at Amazon is $102,000. Wikipedia says Amazon has 647,500 employees. Assume a 15% average income tax rate. 647,500* $102,000 * 0.15 = $9.9 billion. (In addition, the employees and Amazon combined pay roughly the same amount of payroll taxes to Social Security and Medicare.) That’s a rough estimate but 88% of Amazon’s 2018 profit. It might be higher, since employees who received and exercised stock options would likely be taxed at a rate higher than 15%. Amazon’s 10-K says stock-based compensation reduced its calculated tax by about $1 billion. The recipients likely paid more.

I read The Washington Post story, since Amazon’s CEO Jeff Bezos owns the Post. The story gave a link to the ITEP blog post and repeated the $11.2 billion in profits but $0 federal income tax paid. It quoted an Amazon spokeswoman who said Amazon paid $2.6 billion in corporate tax over the last three years, which agrees with the 10-K. The author otherwise ignored, missed, or didn’t even look at what the 10-K said about taxes paid.