Friedrich Hayek
identified both kinds of rationality but did not give a name to the
second. The following quotes from the book give the essence of the two
concepts.
“Constructivist
rationality, applied to individuals or organizations, involves the
deliberate use of reason to analyze and prescribe actions judged to be better
than alternative feasible actions that might be chosen. When applied to
institutions, constructivism involves the deliberate design of rule systems to
achieve desirable performance. [ ]
Ecological
rationality refers to emergent order in the form of the practices,
norms, and evolving institutional rules governing action by individuals and
institutions that are part of our cultural and biological heritage and are
created by human interactions, but not by conscious human design.
The
two concepts are not inherently in opposition; the issues are emphatically not about
constructivist versus ecological rationality, as some might
infer or prefer, and in fact the two can and do work together. For example, in
evolutionary processes, constructivist cultural innovations can provide
variations while ecological fitness processes do the work of selection” (p.
2).
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